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Due to its scenic diversity, Georgia is also quite diverse climatically. In the country, the mountain ranges must be seen as climatically important regions, as well as the coastal areas on the Black Sea and the plains behind them have their own characteristics.
Seen over the whole country, one often speaks of a Mediterranean climate in Georgia. But in the country you can find almost everything from alpine climate to continental climate to almost tropical climate. From west to east the tendency of precipitation decreases. In the area of the Black Sea coasts one can speak of a tropical climate. In the hinterland of the coasts the winters are mild and the summers can be very hot.
In the rest of the country it is cooler. The west is comparatively rainy. In the north, Georgia borders on the Russian Federation. Here in the area of the Caucasus the winters are cooler, but also not quite cold. In the mountains themselves, the climate is alpine in nature. The Caucasus forms an important protection - on the one hand from the hot steppe climates and also from the quite cold air currents from Russia and likewise it forms a climatic sheath to the hot conditions e.g. in Iran or Iraq.
Very important for the climate are the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea. Both have a certain buffer function and have a balancing effect on the climate.
The Sioni Basin can be described as subtropical. Here, one can normally count on even precipitation all year round. In the north it rains less, in the south more and in the west a little more. Winters are generally quite mild. Frost is usually rare. Summers are usually quite warm, but also have relatively high humidity. In the summer you have to expect precipitation from time to time.
The western part of the country is rainy. It is relatively dry in the Surami Mountains and in the hilly regions. Here one can speak of a continental climate. That means: the summers are warm and can be quite hot, but the winters here are also colder. Towards the Caspian Sea, the climate becomes drier and, as mentioned above, tropical areas with a certain degree of desertification are reached.
In the east, the climate of Georgia is rather called continental climate. The average amount of precipitation is about 300-400mm. Winters are colder than in the west, but summers can be very hot.
The climate is fundamentally different in the mountainous regions of the country. Here, an alpine climate prevails in places, i.e. no very warm summers and in places cold winters with good snowfall.
The best time to travel to Georgia is, in the opinion of many, in autumn (September, October). Then it is sunny, not too humid and pleasantly warm. Spring (April to June) can also be good, but it is more changeable overall. Summer is generally a little more rainy than other seasons. Summer is especially interesting in the coastal areas. Inland, however, it can be uncomfortably hot.
Min. Temp. °C | Max. Temp. °C | sun h/day | rainy days/M* | |
January | -1 | 7 | 3 | 6 |
February | 0 | 9 | 4 | 7 |
March | 3 | 13 | 5 | 8 |
April | 8 | 17 | 5 | 13 |
May | 12 | 24 | 7 | 12 |
June | 16 | 28 | 9 | 11 |
July | 19 | 31 | 9 | 8 |
August | 19 | 30 | 8 | 9 |
September | 15 | 26 | 7 | 8 |
October | 10 | 20 | 6 | 7 |
November | 5 | 14 | 3 | 7 |
December | 1 | 9 | 3 | 7 |
(*rainy days/M = days > 0.25mm precipitation.)